A good way to remember these eight is to always spell out the names of the two states outside the contiguous United States Hawaii and Alaska and the states inside the contiguous United States with five letters or less.
Postal codes for those eight states that are not to be abbreviated,. Postal Code abbreviations should only be used with full addresses, including a zip code. When punctuating state names, you should place a comma between the city and state, and another comma after the state name, unless the state name is ending the sentence or indicating a dateline. Do not use courtesy titles such as Mr. Never begin a sentence with a figure, except for sentences that begin with a year. Examples: Two hundred freshmen attended.
Five actors took the stage. Use roman numerals to describe wars and to show sequences for people. For ordinal numbers, spell out first through ninth and use figures for 10th and above when describing order in time or location.
Examples: second base, 10th in a row. Some ordinal numbers, such as those indicating political or geographic order, should use figures in all cases. Examples: 3rd District Court, 9th ward.
For cardinal numbers, consult individual entries in the Associated Press Stylebook. If no usage is specified, spell out numbers below 10 and use figures for numbers 10 and above. Example: The man had five children and 11 grandchildren.
When referring to money, use numerals. Do not use commas before a conjunction in a simple series. Example: In art class, they learned that red, yellow and blue are primary colors.
His brothers are Tom, Joe, Frank and Pete. However, a comma should be used before the terminal conjunction in a complex series, if part of that series also contains a conjunction.
Commas and periods go within quotation marks. When the name of a state name appears in the body of a text, spell it out. When the name of a city and state are used together, the name of the state should be abbreviated except for Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Ohio, Texas and Utah.
States should also be abbreviated when used as part of a short-form political affiliation. Examples: He was travelling to Nashville, Tenn. The peace accord was signed in Dayton, Ohio. The storm began in Indiana and moved west toward Peoria, Ill.
Here is how each state is abbreviated in AP style with the postal code abbreviations in parentheses :. You will notice that eight states are missing from this list.
The exact time when an event has occurred or will occur is unnecessary for most stories. Of course, there are occasions when the time of day is important. In such cases, use figures, but spell out noon and midnight.
Use a colon to separate hours from minutes, but do not use Examples: 1 p. Also, lowercase adjectives that designate the status of a title. Bush; Paul Schneider, deputy secretary of homeland security.
Associated Press Style Summary: These resources provide an overview of journalistic writing with explanations of the most important and most often used elements of journalism and the Associated Press style.
State Abbreviations Ala. AL Neb. NE Ariz. AZ Nev. NV Ark. NH Calif. NJ Colo. NM Conn. NY Del. NC Fla. I checked a few standard U. The Chicago Manual of Style , Fourteenth Edition observes that "the two-letter form [of state abbreviations] is specified by the United States government for use with zip code addresses in mailing. Perhaps the most baffling element here is the failure to agree on what zip stands for.
McMillan of the Post Office Department during a hearing on appropriations for the next fiscal year seems dispositive [snippet]:. Various official government publications from the mids support this understanding of the name—but an approximately equal number of contemporaneous government publications identify ZIP as being short for "Zone Improvement Plan.
Those five code numbers are very important to the delivery of your mail. So make an effort to use them. The zip Zone Improvement Plan system expedites handling and reduces errors, helping you and the post office. But four months later, in discussing the Post Office's cartoon mascot Mr. ZIP, Changing Times included this note:. At first the figure was called "Mr. An Ngram graph based on Google Search results for the past 50 years suggests that for most of that time, "Zone Improvement Plan" has been significantly more popular than "Zone Improvement Program.
Nor is it surprising, given the Postal Service's emphasis on the swiftness of mail delivery that was sure to ensue following adoption of the new five-number codes, that ZIP itself became popularly understood not as an acronym at all but as a lowercase descriptive term.
This is another of those cases where opinions and style guides vary, and the writer should strive above all for consistency. Postal Service trademark, and originates with the Zone Improvement Plan. This is the orthography still preferred by the USPS, as indicated in its official mailing guidelines , as used throughout its website, and as found in official accounts such as The Untold Story of the ZIP Code.
ZIP Code is the original and arguably most accurate form, but such things change over time. Many argue for Web site over website , since it is not just any web, but the World Wide Web , yet even the Associated Press finally threw in the towel on that one not long ago; the all-lowercase single word website is prevalent. FWIW, the U. The University of California, Berkeley style guide stipulates lowercase zip code. As a low-incidence term, the unusual spikes may result from quirks in the volumes represented in Google Books; for example, they could reflect a change in a government style guide, and government documents might be overrepresented for recent decades.
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